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Что (кто) такое runoff coefficient - определение
INFLUENTIAL EARLY (1960S) COMPUTER TYPESETTING SYSTEM
Runoff (program); TYPSET; RUNOFF; TYPSET & RUNOFF; Rf (command); Runoff (command)
Surface runoff
![Willow hedge strengthened with [[fascine]]s for the limitation of runoff, north of France.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Fascine49.jpg?width=200 "Willow hedge strengthened with [[fascine]]s for the limitation of runoff, north of France.")
![Runoff holding ponds (Uplands neighborhood of [[North Bend, Washington]])](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/North-Bend-Uplands-Runoff-pond-3942.jpg?width=200 "Runoff holding ponds (Uplands neighborhood of [[North Bend, Washington]])")
![Soil erosion by water]] on intensively-tilled farmland.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Wassererosion Acker.jpg?width=200 "Soil erosion by water]] on intensively-tilled farmland.")
FLOW OF EXCESS RAINWATER NOT INFILTRATING IN THE GROUND OVER ITS SURFACE
Overland flow; Surface run off; Antecedent soil moisture; Stormwater runoff; Quickflow; Land runoff; Storm water runoff; Rainwater runoff; Surface water runoff; Environmental effects of surface runoff; Soil runoff; Measurement of surface runoff; Surface run-off; Nutrient runoff
Surface runoff (also known as overland flow) is the flow of water occurring on the ground surface when excess rainwater, stormwater, meltwater, or other sources, can no longer sufficiently rapidly infiltrate in the soil. This can occur when the soil is saturated by water to its full capacity, and the rain arrives more quickly than the soil can absorb it.
Urban runoff
.JPG?width=200 "An open runoff system in Africa")
![Relationship between [[impervious surfaces]] and [[surface runoff]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Natural & impervious cover diagrams EPA.jpg?width=200 "Relationship between [[impervious surfaces]] and [[surface runoff]]")
![infiltration]] of stormwater through permeable soils into the [[groundwater]] [[aquifer]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Percolation trench.jpg?width=200 "infiltration]] of stormwater through permeable soils into the [[groundwater]] [[aquifer]].")
![Flooded streets in [[New Orleans]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Walking in the Rain New Orleans.jpg?width=200 "Flooded streets in [[New Orleans]]")
![channelized]] with concrete walls to control localized flooding.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Weaselbrgrandavpassaicjeh.JPG?width=200 "channelized]] with concrete walls to control localized flooding.")
SURFACE RUNOFF OF RAINWATER CREATED BY URBANIZATION
Oil-grit separator; Road runoff; Street runoff
Urban runoff is surface runoff of rainwater, landscape irrigation, and car washing created by urbanization. Impervious surfaces (roads, parking lots and sidewalks) are constructed during land development.
Attenuation coefficient
MEASURE FOR THE EXPONENTIAL REDUCTION OF A QUANTITY ALONG A PATH DUE TO ABSORPTION AND SCATTERING
Absorption coefficient; Absorption Coefficient; Linear attenuation coefficient; Linear coefficient; Linear absorption coefficient; Narrow beam attenuation coefficient; Scattering coefficient
The linear attenuation coefficient, attenuation coefficient, or narrow-beam attenuation coefficient characterizes how easily a volume of material can be penetrated by a beam of light, sound, particles, or other energy or matter. A coefficient value that is large represents a beam becoming 'attenuated' as it passes through a given medium, while a small value represents that the medium had little effect on loss.
Википедия
TYPSET and RUNOFF
TYPSET is an early document editor that was used with the 1964-released RUNOFF program, one of the earliest text formatting programs to see significant use.
Of two earlier print/formatting programs DITTO and TJ-2, only the latter had, and introduced, text justification; RUNOFF also added pagination.
The name RUNOFF, and similar names led to other formatting program implementations. By 1982 Runoff largely became associated with Digital Equipment Corporation and Unix computers. DEC used the terms VAX DSR and DSR to refer to VAX DIGITAL Standard Runoff.
